Variability in the prevalence of adult ADHD in treatment seeking substance use disorder patients: Results from an international multi-center study exploring DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria☆☆
Identifieur interne : 004409 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004408; suivant : 004410Variability in the prevalence of adult ADHD in treatment seeking substance use disorder patients: Results from an international multi-center study exploring DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria☆☆
Auteurs : Geurt Van De Glind [Pays-Bas] ; Maija Konstenius [Suède] ; Maarten W. J. Koeter [Pays-Bas] ; Katelijne Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen [Pays-Bas] ; Pieter-Jan Carpentier [Pays-Bas] ; Sharlene Kaye [Australie] ; Louisa Degenhardt [Australie] ; Arvid Skutle [Norvège] ; Johan Franck [Suède] ; Eli-Torild Bu [Norvège] ; Franz Moggi [Suisse] ; Geert Dom [Belgique] ; Sofie Verspreet [Belgique] ; Zsolt Demetrovics [Hongrie] ; Máté Kapitány-Fövény [Hongrie] ; Melina Fatséas [France] ; Marc Auriacombe [France] ; Arild Schillinger [Norvège] ; Merete M Ller [Norvège] ; Brian Johnson [États-Unis] ; Stephen V. Faraone [États-Unis] ; J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga [Espagne] ; Miguel Casas [Espagne] ; Steve Allsop [Australie] ; Susan Carruthers [Australie] ; Robert A. Schoevers [Pays-Bas] ; Sara Wallhed [Suède] ; Csaba Barta [Hongrie] ; Peter Alleman [Suisse] ; Frances R. Levin [États-Unis] ; Wim Van Den Brink [Pays-Bas]Source :
- Drug and alcohol dependence [ 0376-8716 ] ; 2013.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte, Diagnostic and stastistical manual of mental disorders (USA), Femelle, Humains, Internationalité, Mâle, Prévalence, Résultat thérapeutique, Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité (), Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité (diagnostic), Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité (épidémiologie), Troubles liés à une substance (), Troubles liés à une substance (diagnostic), Troubles liés à une substance (épidémiologie), Études de suivi, Études longitudinales, Études transversales.
- MESH :
- diagnostic : Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité, Troubles liés à une substance.
- épidémiologie : Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité, Troubles liés à une substance.
- Adulte, Diagnostic and stastistical manual of mental disorders (USA), Femelle, Humains, Internationalité, Mâle, Prévalence, Résultat thérapeutique, Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité, Troubles liés à une substance, Études de suivi, Études longitudinales, Études transversales.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (diagnosis), Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (epidemiology), Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (therapy), Cross-Sectional Studies, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Internationality, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Prevalence, Substance-Related Disorders (diagnosis), Substance-Related Disorders (epidemiology), Substance-Related Disorders (therapy), Treatment Outcome.
- MESH :
- diagnosis : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Substance-Related Disorders.
- epidemiology : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Substance-Related Disorders.
- therapy : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Substance-Related Disorders.
- Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Internationality, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Prevalence, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
Available studies vary in their estimated prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in substance use disorder (SUD) patients, ranging from 2 to 83%. A better understanding of the possible reasons for this variability and the effect of the change from DSM-IV to DSM-5 is needed.
A two stage international multi-center, cross-sectional study in 10 countries, among patients form inpatient and outpatient addiction treatment centers for alcohol and/or drug use disorder patients. A total of 3558 treatment seeking SUD patients were screened for adult ADHD. A subsample of 1276 subjects, both screen positive and screen negative patients, participated in a structured diagnostic interview.
Prevalence of DSM-IV and DSM-5 adult ADHD varied for DSM-IV from 5.4% (CI 95%: 2.4–8.3) for Hungary to 31.3% (CI 95%:25.2–37.5) for Norway and for DSM-5 from 7.6% (CI 95%: 4.1–11.1) for Hungary to 32.6% (CI 95%: 26.4–38.8) for Norway. Using the same assessment procedures in all countries and centers resulted in substantial reduction of the variability in the prevalence of adult ADHD reported in previous studies among SUD patients (2–83%→ 5.4–31.3%). The remaining variability was partly explained by primary substance of abuse and by country (Nordic versus non-Nordic countries). Prevalence estimates for DSM-5 were slightly higher than for DSM-IV.
Given the generally high prevalence of adult ADHD, all treatment seeking SUD patients should be screened and, after a confirmed diagnosis, treated for ADHD since the literature indicates poor prognoses of SUD in treatment seeking SUD patients with ADHD.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.09.026
PubMed: 24156882
PubMed Central: 4133781
Affiliations:
- Australie, Belgique, Espagne, France, Hongrie, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Suisse, Suède, États-Unis
- Aquitaine, Catalogne, Groningue (province), Hollande-Septentrionale, Hongrie centrale, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, Svealand, Utrecht (province), Victoria (État), État de New York
- Amsterdam, Barcelone, Bordeaux, Budapest, Groningue, Melbourne, Stockholm, Sydney, Utrecht
- Université autonome de Barcelone, Université d'Amsterdam, Université de Bordeaux, Université de Melbourne
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Le document en format XML
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xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bergen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moggi, Franz" sort="Moggi, Franz" uniqKey="Moggi F" first="Franz" last="Moggi">Franz Moggi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A9">University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern and Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern and Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Fribourg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dom, Geert" sort="Dom, Geert" uniqKey="Dom G" first="Geert" last="Dom">Geert Dom</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (CAPRI, UA), PC Alexian Brothers, Boechout, Belgium</nlm:aff><country 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University, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" sort="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" uniqKey="Kapitany Foveny M" first="Máté" last="Kapitány-Fövény">Máté Kapitány-Fövény</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A22">Nyíro Gyula Hospital Drug Outpatient and Prevention Center, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Nyíro Gyula Hospital Drug Outpatient and Prevention Center, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fatseas, Melina" sort="Fatseas, Melina" uniqKey="Fatseas M" first="Melina" last="Fatséas">Melina Fatséas</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A12">Laboratoire de psychiatrie, Sanpsy CNRS USR 3413, Université de Bordeaux, and Département d’addictologie, CH Ch. Perrens/CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de psychiatrie, Sanpsy CNRS USR 3413, Université de Bordeaux, and Département d’addictologie, CH Ch. Perrens/CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</region><region type="old region">Aquitaine</region><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Auriacombe, Marc" sort="Auriacombe, Marc" uniqKey="Auriacombe M" first="Marc" last="Auriacombe">Marc Auriacombe</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A12">Laboratoire de psychiatrie, Sanpsy CNRS USR 3413, Université de Bordeaux, and Département d’addictologie, CH Ch. Perrens/CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de psychiatrie, Sanpsy CNRS USR 3413, Université de Bordeaux, and Département d’addictologie, CH Ch. Perrens/CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</region><region type="old region">Aquitaine</region><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schillinger, Arild" sort="Schillinger, Arild" uniqKey="Schillinger A" first="Arild" last="Schillinger">Arild Schillinger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A13">Østfold Hospital Trust, Department for Substance Abuse Treatment, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Østfold Hospital Trust, Department for Substance Abuse Treatment</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Department for Substance Abuse Treatment</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Ller, Merete" sort="M Ller, Merete" uniqKey="M Ller M" first="Merete" last="M Ller">Merete M Ller</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A13">Østfold Hospital Trust, Department for Substance Abuse Treatment, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Østfold Hospital Trust, Department for Substance Abuse Treatment</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Department for Substance Abuse Treatment</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Brian" sort="Johnson, Brian" uniqKey="Johnson B" first="Brian" last="Johnson">Brian Johnson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A14">Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faraone, Stephen V" sort="Faraone, Stephen V" uniqKey="Faraone S" first="Stephen V." last="Faraone">Stephen V. Faraone</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A14">Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramos Quiroga, J Antoni" sort="Ramos Quiroga, J Antoni" uniqKey="Ramos Quiroga J" first="J. Antoni" last="Ramos-Quiroga">J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A15">Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université autonome de Barcelone</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casas, Miguel" sort="Casas, Miguel" uniqKey="Casas M" first="Miguel" last="Casas">Miguel Casas</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A15">Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université autonome de Barcelone</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allsop, Steve" sort="Allsop, Steve" uniqKey="Allsop S" first="Steve" last="Allsop">Steve Allsop</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A16">National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Perth</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carruthers, Susan" sort="Carruthers, Susan" uniqKey="Carruthers S" first="Susan" last="Carruthers">Susan Carruthers</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A16">National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Perth</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schoevers, Robert A" sort="Schoevers, Robert A" uniqKey="Schoevers R" first="Robert A." last="Schoevers">Robert A. Schoevers</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A17">Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wallhed, Sara" sort="Wallhed, Sara" uniqKey="Wallhed S" first="Sara" last="Wallhed">Sara Wallhed</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A18">Stockholm Centre for Dependency Disorders, Sweden</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Stockholm Centre for Dependency Disorders</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barta, Csaba" sort="Barta, Csaba" uniqKey="Barta C" first="Csaba" last="Barta">Csaba Barta</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A19">Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alleman, Peter" sort="Alleman, Peter" uniqKey="Alleman P" first="Peter" last="Alleman">Peter Alleman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">Alcohol Treatment Research, Kirchlindach and Ellikon, Switzerland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Alcohol Treatment Research, Kirchlindach and Ellikon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kirchlindach and Ellikon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levin, Frances R" sort="Levin, Frances R" uniqKey="Levin F" first="Frances R." last="Levin">Frances R. Levin</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A4">Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brink, Wim" sort="Van Den Brink, Wim" uniqKey="Van Den Brink W" first="Wim" last="Van Den Brink">Wim Van Den Brink</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement 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in treatment seeking substance use disorder patients: Results from an international multi-center study exploring DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">☆☆</xref></title><author><name sortKey="Van De Glind, Geurt" sort="Van De Glind, Geurt" uniqKey="Van De Glind G" first="Geurt" last="Van De Glind">Geurt Van De Glind</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A1">Trimbos-instituut and ICASA Foundation, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Trimbos-instituut and ICASA Foundation, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konstenius, Maija" sort="Konstenius, Maija" uniqKey="Konstenius M" first="Maija" last="Konstenius">Maija Konstenius</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koeter, Maarten W J" sort="Koeter, Maarten W J" uniqKey="Koeter M" first="Maarten W. J." last="Koeter">Maarten W. J. Koeter</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" sort="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" uniqKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen K" first="Katelijne" last="Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen">Katelijne Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A5">Arkin Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Arkin Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Center, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A17">Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carpentier, Pieter Jan" sort="Carpentier, Pieter Jan" uniqKey="Carpentier P" first="Pieter-Jan" last="Carpentier">Pieter-Jan Carpentier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A6">Reinier van Arkel groep, ‘s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Reinier van Arkel groep, ‘s-Hertogenbosch</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>‘s-Hertogenbosch</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaye, Sharlene" sort="Kaye, Sharlene" uniqKey="Kaye S" first="Sharlene" last="Kaye">Sharlene Kaye</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Degenhardt, Louisa" sort="Degenhardt, Louisa" uniqKey="Degenhardt L" first="Louisa" last="Degenhardt">Louisa Degenhardt</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A21">Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Skutle, Arvid" sort="Skutle, Arvid" uniqKey="Skutle A" first="Arvid" last="Skutle">Arvid Skutle</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A8">Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bergen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franck, Johan" sort="Franck, Johan" uniqKey="Franck J" first="Johan" last="Franck">Johan Franck</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bu, Eli Torild" sort="Bu, Eli Torild" uniqKey="Bu E" first="Eli-Torild" last="Bu">Eli-Torild Bu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A8">Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bergen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moggi, Franz" sort="Moggi, Franz" uniqKey="Moggi F" first="Franz" last="Moggi">Franz Moggi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A9">University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern and Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern and Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Fribourg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dom, Geert" sort="Dom, Geert" uniqKey="Dom G" first="Geert" last="Dom">Geert Dom</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (CAPRI, UA), PC Alexian Brothers, Boechout, Belgium</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (CAPRI, UA), PC Alexian Brothers, Boechout</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Boechout</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verspreet, Sofie" sort="Verspreet, Sofie" uniqKey="Verspreet S" first="Sofie" last="Verspreet">Sofie Verspreet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (CAPRI, UA), PC Alexian Brothers, Boechout, Belgium</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (CAPRI, UA), PC Alexian Brothers, Boechout</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Boechout</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demetrovics, Zsolt" sort="Demetrovics, Zsolt" uniqKey="Demetrovics Z" first="Zsolt" last="Demetrovics">Zsolt Demetrovics</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" sort="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" uniqKey="Kapitany Foveny M" first="Máté" last="Kapitány-Fövény">Máté Kapitány-Fövény</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A22">Nyíro Gyula Hospital Drug Outpatient and Prevention Center, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Nyíro Gyula Hospital Drug Outpatient and Prevention Center, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fatseas, Melina" sort="Fatseas, Melina" uniqKey="Fatseas M" first="Melina" last="Fatséas">Melina Fatséas</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A12">Laboratoire de psychiatrie, Sanpsy CNRS USR 3413, Université de Bordeaux, and Département d’addictologie, CH Ch. Perrens/CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de psychiatrie, Sanpsy CNRS USR 3413, Université de Bordeaux, and Département d’addictologie, CH Ch. Perrens/CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</region><region type="old region">Aquitaine</region><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Auriacombe, Marc" sort="Auriacombe, Marc" uniqKey="Auriacombe M" first="Marc" last="Auriacombe">Marc Auriacombe</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A12">Laboratoire de psychiatrie, Sanpsy CNRS USR 3413, Université de Bordeaux, and Département d’addictologie, CH Ch. Perrens/CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de psychiatrie, Sanpsy CNRS USR 3413, Université de Bordeaux, and Département d’addictologie, CH Ch. Perrens/CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</region><region type="old region">Aquitaine</region><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schillinger, Arild" sort="Schillinger, Arild" uniqKey="Schillinger A" first="Arild" last="Schillinger">Arild Schillinger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A13">Østfold Hospital Trust, Department for Substance Abuse Treatment, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Østfold Hospital Trust, Department for Substance Abuse Treatment</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Department for Substance Abuse Treatment</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Ller, Merete" sort="M Ller, Merete" uniqKey="M Ller M" first="Merete" last="M Ller">Merete M Ller</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A13">Østfold Hospital Trust, Department for Substance Abuse Treatment, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Østfold Hospital Trust, Department for Substance Abuse Treatment</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Department for Substance Abuse Treatment</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Brian" sort="Johnson, Brian" uniqKey="Johnson B" first="Brian" last="Johnson">Brian Johnson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A14">Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faraone, Stephen V" sort="Faraone, Stephen V" uniqKey="Faraone S" first="Stephen V." last="Faraone">Stephen V. Faraone</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A14">Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramos Quiroga, J Antoni" sort="Ramos Quiroga, J Antoni" uniqKey="Ramos Quiroga J" first="J. Antoni" last="Ramos-Quiroga">J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A15">Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université autonome de Barcelone</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casas, Miguel" sort="Casas, Miguel" uniqKey="Casas M" first="Miguel" last="Casas">Miguel Casas</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A15">Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université autonome de Barcelone</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allsop, Steve" sort="Allsop, Steve" uniqKey="Allsop S" first="Steve" last="Allsop">Steve Allsop</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A16">National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Perth</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carruthers, Susan" sort="Carruthers, Susan" uniqKey="Carruthers S" first="Susan" last="Carruthers">Susan Carruthers</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A16">National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Perth</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schoevers, Robert A" sort="Schoevers, Robert A" uniqKey="Schoevers R" first="Robert A." last="Schoevers">Robert A. Schoevers</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A17">Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wallhed, Sara" sort="Wallhed, Sara" uniqKey="Wallhed S" first="Sara" last="Wallhed">Sara Wallhed</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A18">Stockholm Centre for Dependency Disorders, Sweden</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Stockholm Centre for Dependency Disorders</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barta, Csaba" sort="Barta, Csaba" uniqKey="Barta C" first="Csaba" last="Barta">Csaba Barta</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A19">Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alleman, Peter" sort="Alleman, Peter" uniqKey="Alleman P" first="Peter" last="Alleman">Peter Alleman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">Alcohol Treatment Research, Kirchlindach and Ellikon, Switzerland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Alcohol Treatment Research, Kirchlindach and Ellikon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kirchlindach and Ellikon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levin, Frances R" sort="Levin, Frances R" uniqKey="Levin F" first="Frances R." last="Levin">Frances R. Levin</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A4">Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brink, Wim" sort="Van Den Brink, Wim" uniqKey="Van Den Brink W" first="Wim" last="Van Den Brink">Wim Van Den Brink</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Drug and alcohol dependence</title><idno type="ISSN">0376-8716</idno><idno type="eISSN">1879-0046</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (diagnosis)</term><term>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (epidemiology)</term><term>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (therapy)</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</term><term>Female</term><term>Follow-Up Studies</term><term>Humans</term><term>Internationality</term><term>Longitudinal Studies</term><term>Male</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Substance-Related Disorders (diagnosis)</term><term>Substance-Related Disorders (epidemiology)</term><term>Substance-Related Disorders (therapy)</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Diagnostic and stastistical manual of mental disorders (USA)</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Internationalité</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité ()</term><term>Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité (diagnostic)</term><term>Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité (épidémiologie)</term><term>Troubles liés à une substance ()</term><term>Troubles liés à une substance (diagnostic)</term><term>Troubles liés à une substance (épidémiologie)</term><term>Études de suivi</term><term>Études longitudinales</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity</term><term>Substance-Related Disorders</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité</term><term>Troubles liés à une substance</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity</term><term>Substance-Related Disorders</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity</term><term>Substance-Related Disorders</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité</term><term>Troubles liés à une substance</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</term><term>Female</term><term>Follow-Up Studies</term><term>Humans</term><term>Internationality</term><term>Longitudinal Studies</term><term>Male</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Diagnostic and stastistical manual of mental disorders (USA)</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Internationalité</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité</term><term>Troubles liés à une substance</term><term>Études de suivi</term><term>Études longitudinales</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P3">Available studies vary in their estimated prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in substance use disorder (SUD) patients, ranging from 2 to 83%. A better understanding of the possible reasons for this variability and the effect of the change from DSM-IV to DSM-5 is needed.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P4">A two stage international multi-center, cross-sectional study in 10 countries, among patients form inpatient and outpatient addiction treatment centers for alcohol and/or drug use disorder patients. A total of 3558 treatment seeking SUD patients were screened for adult ADHD. A subsample of 1276 subjects, both screen positive and screen negative patients, participated in a structured diagnostic interview.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P5">Prevalence of DSM-IV and DSM-5 adult ADHD varied for DSM-IV from 5.4% (CI 95%: 2.4–8.3) for Hungary to 31.3% (CI 95%:25.2–37.5) for Norway and for DSM-5 from 7.6% (CI 95%: 4.1–11.1) for Hungary to 32.6% (CI 95%: 26.4–38.8) for Norway. Using the same assessment procedures in all countries and centers resulted in substantial reduction of the variability in the prevalence of adult ADHD reported in previous studies among SUD patients (2–83%→ 5.4–31.3%). The remaining variability was partly explained by primary substance of abuse and by country (Nordic versus non-Nordic countries). Prevalence estimates for DSM-5 were slightly higher than for DSM-IV.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P6">Given the generally high prevalence of adult ADHD, all treatment seeking SUD patients should be screened and, after a confirmed diagnosis, treated for ADHD since the literature indicates poor prognoses of SUD in treatment seeking SUD patients with ADHD.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arias, Aj" uniqKey="Arias A">AJ Arias</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gelernter, J" uniqKey="Gelernter J">J Gelernter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, G" uniqKey="Chan G">G Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weiss, Rd" uniqKey="Weiss R">RD Weiss</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brady, Kt" uniqKey="Brady K">KT Brady</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farrer, L" uniqKey="Farrer L">L Farrer</name></author><author><name 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Auriacombe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schillinger, A" uniqKey="Schillinger A">A Schillinger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seitz, A" uniqKey="Seitz A">A Seitz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, B" uniqKey="Johnson B">B Johnson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Faraone, Sv" uniqKey="Faraone S">SV Faraone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ramos Quiroga, Ja" uniqKey="Ramos Quiroga J">JA Ramos-Quiroga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Casas, M" uniqKey="Casas M">M Casas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Allsop, S" uniqKey="Allsop S">S Allsop</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carruthers, S" uniqKey="Carruthers S">S Carruthers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barta, C" uniqKey="Barta C">C Barta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schoevers, Ra" uniqKey="Schoevers R">RA Schoevers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Levin, Fr" uniqKey="Levin F">FR Levin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, K" uniqKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen K">K Van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van De Glind, G" uniqKey="Van De Glind G">G van de Glind</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brink, W" uniqKey="Van Den Brink W">W van den Brink</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smit, F" uniqKey="Smit F">F Smit</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crunelle, Cl" uniqKey="Crunelle C">CL Crunelle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Swets, M" uniqKey="Swets M">M Swets</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schroevers, Ra" uniqKey="Schroevers R">RA Schroevers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, K" uniqKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen K">K Van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van De Glind, G" uniqKey="Van De Glind G">G van de Glind</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koeter, Mwj" uniqKey="Koeter M">MWJ 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sortKey="Franck, J" uniqKey="Franck J">J Franck</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, B" uniqKey="Johnson B">B Johnson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kapitany Foveny, M" uniqKey="Kapitany Foveny M">M Kapitány-Fövény</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaye, S" uniqKey="Kaye S">S Kaye</name></author><author><name sortKey="Konstenius, M" uniqKey="Konstenius M">M Konstenius</name></author><author><name sortKey="Levin, Fr" uniqKey="Levin F">FR Levin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moggi, F" uniqKey="Moggi F">F Moggi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ramos Quiroga, Ja" uniqKey="Ramos Quiroga J">JA Ramos-Quiroga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schillinger, A" uniqKey="Schillinger A">A Schillinger</name></author><author><name sortKey="M Ller, M" uniqKey="M Ller M">M Møller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skutle, A" uniqKey="Skutle A">A Skutle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Verspreet, S" uniqKey="Verspreet S">S Verspreet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Research Group, Iasp" uniqKey="Research Group I">IASP research group</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brink, W" uniqKey="Van Den Brink W">W van den Brink</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schoevers, Ra" uniqKey="Schoevers R">RA Schoevers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wilens, Te" uniqKey="Wilens T">TE Wilens</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wilens, Te" uniqKey="Wilens T">TE Wilens</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wilens, Te" uniqKey="Wilens T">TE Wilens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fusillo, S" uniqKey="Fusillo S">S Fusillo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wilens, Te" uniqKey="Wilens T">TE Wilens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kwon, A" uniqKey="Kwon A">A Kwon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tanguay, S" uniqKey="Tanguay S">S Tanguay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chase, R" uniqKey="Chase R">R Chase</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, H" uniqKey="Moore H">H Moore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Faraone, Sv" uniqKey="Faraone S">SV Faraone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Biederman, J" uniqKey="Biederman J">J Biederman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Williams, Jb" uniqKey="Williams J">JB Williams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gibbon, M" uniqKey="Gibbon M">M Gibbon</name></author><author><name sortKey="First, Mb" uniqKey="First M">MB First</name></author><author><name sortKey="Spitzer, Rl" uniqKey="Spitzer R">RL Spitzer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Davies, M" uniqKey="Davies M">M Davies</name></author><author><name sortKey="Borus, J" uniqKey="Borus J">J Borus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Howes, Mj" uniqKey="Howes M">MJ Howes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kane, J" uniqKey="Kane J">J Kane</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pope, Hg" uniqKey="Pope H">HG Pope</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rounsaville, B" uniqKey="Rounsaville B">B Rounsaville</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wittchen, H" uniqKey="Wittchen H">H Wittchen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Belgique</li><li>Espagne</li><li>France</li><li>Hongrie</li><li>Norvège</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Suisse</li><li>Suède</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Aquitaine</li><li>Catalogne</li><li>Groningue (province)</li><li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li><li>Hongrie centrale</li><li>Nouvelle-Aquitaine</li><li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li><li>Svealand</li><li>Utrecht (province)</li><li>Victoria (État)</li><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>Amsterdam</li><li>Barcelone</li><li>Bordeaux</li><li>Budapest</li><li>Groningue</li><li>Melbourne</li><li>Stockholm</li><li>Sydney</li><li>Utrecht</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université autonome de Barcelone</li><li>Université d'Amsterdam</li><li>Université de Bordeaux</li><li>Université de Melbourne</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Utrecht (province)"><name sortKey="Van De Glind, Geurt" sort="Van De Glind, Geurt" uniqKey="Van De Glind G" first="Geurt" last="Van De Glind">Geurt Van De Glind</name></region><name sortKey="Carpentier, Pieter Jan" sort="Carpentier, Pieter Jan" uniqKey="Carpentier P" first="Pieter-Jan" last="Carpentier">Pieter-Jan Carpentier</name><name sortKey="Koeter, Maarten W J" sort="Koeter, Maarten W J" uniqKey="Koeter M" first="Maarten W. J." last="Koeter">Maarten W. J. Koeter</name><name sortKey="Schoevers, Robert A" sort="Schoevers, Robert A" uniqKey="Schoevers R" first="Robert A." last="Schoevers">Robert A. Schoevers</name><name sortKey="Van De Glind, Geurt" sort="Van De Glind, Geurt" uniqKey="Van De Glind G" first="Geurt" last="Van De Glind">Geurt Van De Glind</name><name sortKey="Van Den Brink, Wim" sort="Van Den Brink, Wim" uniqKey="Van Den Brink W" first="Wim" last="Van Den Brink">Wim Van Den Brink</name><name sortKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" sort="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" uniqKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen K" first="Katelijne" last="Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen">Katelijne Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen</name><name sortKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" sort="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" uniqKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen K" first="Katelijne" last="Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen">Katelijne Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen</name><name sortKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" sort="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" uniqKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen K" first="Katelijne" last="Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen">Katelijne Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen</name></country><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="Konstenius, Maija" sort="Konstenius, Maija" uniqKey="Konstenius M" first="Maija" last="Konstenius">Maija Konstenius</name></region><name sortKey="Franck, Johan" sort="Franck, Johan" uniqKey="Franck J" first="Johan" last="Franck">Johan Franck</name><name sortKey="Wallhed, Sara" sort="Wallhed, Sara" uniqKey="Wallhed S" first="Sara" last="Wallhed">Sara Wallhed</name></country><country name="Australie"><region name="Nouvelle-Galles du Sud"><name sortKey="Kaye, Sharlene" sort="Kaye, Sharlene" uniqKey="Kaye S" first="Sharlene" last="Kaye">Sharlene Kaye</name></region><name sortKey="Allsop, Steve" sort="Allsop, Steve" uniqKey="Allsop S" first="Steve" last="Allsop">Steve Allsop</name><name sortKey="Carruthers, Susan" sort="Carruthers, Susan" uniqKey="Carruthers S" first="Susan" last="Carruthers">Susan Carruthers</name><name sortKey="Degenhardt, Louisa" sort="Degenhardt, Louisa" uniqKey="Degenhardt L" first="Louisa" last="Degenhardt">Louisa Degenhardt</name><name sortKey="Degenhardt, Louisa" sort="Degenhardt, Louisa" uniqKey="Degenhardt L" first="Louisa" last="Degenhardt">Louisa Degenhardt</name></country><country name="Norvège"><noRegion><name sortKey="Skutle, Arvid" sort="Skutle, Arvid" uniqKey="Skutle A" first="Arvid" last="Skutle">Arvid Skutle</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bu, Eli Torild" sort="Bu, Eli Torild" uniqKey="Bu E" first="Eli-Torild" last="Bu">Eli-Torild Bu</name><name sortKey="M Ller, Merete" sort="M Ller, Merete" uniqKey="M Ller M" first="Merete" last="M Ller">Merete M Ller</name><name sortKey="Schillinger, Arild" sort="Schillinger, Arild" uniqKey="Schillinger A" first="Arild" last="Schillinger">Arild Schillinger</name></country><country name="Suisse"><noRegion><name sortKey="Moggi, Franz" sort="Moggi, Franz" uniqKey="Moggi F" first="Franz" last="Moggi">Franz Moggi</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Alleman, Peter" sort="Alleman, Peter" uniqKey="Alleman P" first="Peter" last="Alleman">Peter Alleman</name></country><country name="Belgique"><noRegion><name sortKey="Dom, Geert" sort="Dom, Geert" uniqKey="Dom G" first="Geert" last="Dom">Geert Dom</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Verspreet, Sofie" sort="Verspreet, Sofie" uniqKey="Verspreet S" first="Sofie" last="Verspreet">Sofie Verspreet</name></country><country name="Hongrie"><region name="Hongrie centrale"><name sortKey="Demetrovics, Zsolt" sort="Demetrovics, Zsolt" uniqKey="Demetrovics Z" first="Zsolt" last="Demetrovics">Zsolt Demetrovics</name></region><name sortKey="Barta, Csaba" sort="Barta, Csaba" uniqKey="Barta C" first="Csaba" last="Barta">Csaba Barta</name><name sortKey="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" sort="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" uniqKey="Kapitany Foveny M" first="Máté" last="Kapitány-Fövény">Máté Kapitány-Fövény</name><name sortKey="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" sort="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" uniqKey="Kapitany Foveny M" first="Máté" last="Kapitány-Fövény">Máté Kapitány-Fövény</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Nouvelle-Aquitaine"><name sortKey="Fatseas, Melina" sort="Fatseas, Melina" uniqKey="Fatseas M" first="Melina" last="Fatséas">Melina Fatséas</name></region><name sortKey="Auriacombe, Marc" sort="Auriacombe, Marc" uniqKey="Auriacombe M" first="Marc" last="Auriacombe">Marc Auriacombe</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="État de New York"><name sortKey="Johnson, Brian" sort="Johnson, Brian" uniqKey="Johnson B" first="Brian" last="Johnson">Brian Johnson</name></region><name sortKey="Faraone, Stephen V" sort="Faraone, Stephen V" uniqKey="Faraone S" first="Stephen V." last="Faraone">Stephen V. Faraone</name><name sortKey="Levin, Frances R" sort="Levin, Frances R" uniqKey="Levin F" first="Frances R." last="Levin">Frances R. Levin</name></country><country name="Espagne"><region name="Catalogne"><name sortKey="Ramos Quiroga, J Antoni" sort="Ramos Quiroga, J Antoni" uniqKey="Ramos Quiroga J" first="J. Antoni" last="Ramos-Quiroga">J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga</name></region><name sortKey="Casas, Miguel" sort="Casas, Miguel" uniqKey="Casas M" first="Miguel" last="Casas">Miguel Casas</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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